python virtual env

python3.6 -m venv test
source /bin/activate

install pip tools

pip install django==1.11.9

list pip installed package

pip list

Generate output suitable for a requirements file.

$ pip freeze > requirements.txt

install from it in another environment.

pip install -r requirements.txt

Django create project

django-admin startproject yourprojectname

Django create App

python manage.py startapp yourappname

Views

Create hello_django.html in ./templates folder

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
    
</body>
</html>

in yourappname/views.py

from django.shortcuts import render

# Create your views here.
def hello_view(request):
    return render(request, 'hello_django.html', {
        'data': "Hello Django ",
    })

URLconf

in urls.py

from django.conf.urls import url
from django.contrib import admin
from musics.views import hello_view

urlpatterns = [
    url(r'^admin/', admin.site.urls),
    url(r'^hello/', hello_view),
]

Models

in models.py

from django.db import models


# Create your models here.
class Music(models.Model):
    song = models.TextField(default="song")
    singer = models.TextField(default="AKB48")
    last_modify_date = models.DateTimeField(auto_now=True)
    created = models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True)

    class Meta:
        db_table = "music"

Migrations

python3.6 manage.py makemigrations
python3.3 manage.py migrate

Admin Site

in settings.py

INSTALLED_APPS = [
    'django.contrib.admin',
    ......
]

urls.py

urlpatterns = [
    url(r'^admin/',admin.site.urls), 
    .... , 
]

createsuperuser

python manage.py createsuperuser

./yourappname/admin.py

from django.contrib import admin

# Register your models here.
from django.contrib import admin
from musics.models import Music
admin.site.register(Music)

done

http://127.0.0.1:8000/admin

reference

run server at anywhere to port 8000

./manage.py runserver 0.0.0.0:8000

To kill it with -9 you will

have to list all running manage.py processes, for instance:

ps aux | grep -i manage
kill -9 pid

Common Error

AllowHost Error

DisallowedHost at /
Invalid HTTP_HOST header: '192.168.0.102:8000'. You may need to add '192.168.0.102' to ALLOWED_HOSTS.

reference

solve configure the settings.py files

ALLOWED_HOST = ['*']
# or 
ALLOWED_HOST = ['xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx'] # your ip addresss

Django error,TemplateDoesNotExist at /hello

# = [os.path.join(BASE_DIR,"templates")]
TEMPLATES = [
    {
        'BACKEND': 'django.template.backends.django.DjangoTemplates',
        'DIRS': [os.path.join(BASE_DIR,"templates")],
        'APP_DIRS': True,
        'OPTIONS': {
            'context_processors': [
                'django.template.context_processors.debug',
                'django.template.context_processors.request',
                'django.contrib.auth.context_processors.auth',
                'django.contrib.messages.context_processors.messages',
            ],
        },
    },
]

django mysql solved problem

if python 2.x version If pip install mysqlclient produces an error and you use Ubuntu, try:

sudo apt-get install -y python-dev libmysqlclient-dev 
sudo pip install mysqlclient

if your python version is 3.5, do a :

apt-get install python-dev
pip  install mysqlclient

or 

apt-get install python3.5-dev
pip3.5 install mysqlclient

if dont work try below

Note this is not tested for python 3.x

pip install wheel
pip install pymysql

ref

in settings.py

import pymysql
pymysql.install_as_MySQLdb();

INITIAL DJANGO MIGRATIONS FOR EXISTING DB SCHEMA.

Step1: Empty the django_migrations table:

delete from django_migrations;

Step2: Remove all the files in migrations folders in each and every app of your project.

rm -rf <app>/migrations/

Step3: Reset the migrations for the “built-in” apps:

python manage.py migrate --fake

Step4: Create initial migrations for each and every app:

python manage.py makemigrations <app>.

Step5: Final step is to create fake initial migrations:

python manage.py migrate --fake-initial

Create model from existiong mysql database

果開發到一半才將資料庫轉成 MySQL，或是在 Django 中想要使用 MySQL 中的資料表，就必須在 Model 中寫好資料格式。但是已經建好表，要一個一個寫進 Model 起不是很麻煩？好在 Django 有個貼心功能，使用 inspectdb 就能把資料格式都匯入 Model囉！ 顯示轉換後的 Model 內容.

python manage.py inspectdb > <yourapp>/models.py
python manage.py makemigrations <yourapp>
python manage.py migrate

if 如果啓動項目時報錯：

django.db.utils.ProgrammingError: (1146, “Table ‘vd.django_content_type’ doesn’t exist”)

把原表格中django_migrations表刪除資料之後，重新執行命令

Python manage.py makemigrations <yourapp>
Python manage.py migrate

然後再啓動項目就可以啦

python static file

in settings.py

... ...
STATIC_URL = '/static/'
STATIC_ROOT = os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'static/')

python manage.py collectstatic